VectorStore Retriever#

The index - and therefore the retriever - that LangChain has the most support for is a VectorStoreRetriever. As the name suggests, this retriever is backed heavily by a VectorStore.

Once you construct a VectorStore, its very easy to construct a retriever. Let’s walk through an example.

from langchain.document_loaders import TextLoader
loader = TextLoader('../../../state_of_the_union.txt')
from langchain.text_splitter import CharacterTextSplitter
from langchain.vectorstores import FAISS
from langchain.embeddings import OpenAIEmbeddings

documents = loader.load()
text_splitter = CharacterTextSplitter(chunk_size=1000, chunk_overlap=0)
texts = text_splitter.split_documents(documents)
embeddings = OpenAIEmbeddings()
db = FAISS.from_documents(texts, embeddings)
Exiting: Cleaning up .chroma directory
retriever = db.as_retriever()
docs = retriever.get_relevant_documents("what did he say about ketanji brown jackson")

By default, the vectorstore retriever uses similarity search. If the underlying vectorstore support maximum marginal relevance search, you can specify that as the search type.

retriever = db.as_retriever(search_type="mmr")
docs = retriever.get_relevant_documents("what did he say abotu ketanji brown jackson")

You can also specify search kwargs like k to use when doing retrieval.

retriever = db.as_retriever(search_kwargs={"k": 1})
docs = retriever.get_relevant_documents("what did he say abotu ketanji brown jackson")
len(docs)
1